12 major development trends of CNC machine tools in the future!

China's numerical control industry cannot rest on its laurels. It should seize the opportunity to continue to develop, strive to develop its advanced technology, increase technological innovation and personnel training, improve the comprehensive service capabilities of enterprises, and strive to shorten the gap with developed countries. Strive to realize the transformation of CNC machine tool products from low-end to high-end, from primary product processing to high-precision product manufacturing as soon as possible, and realize the transformation from Made in China to Created in China, and from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing power.

high speed

With the rapid development of industries such as automobiles, national defense, aviation, and aerospace, and the application of new materials such as aluminum alloys, the requirements for high-speed processing of CNC machine tools are getting higher and higher.

(1) Spindle speed: The machine tool adopts an electric spindle (built-in spindle motor), and the maximum spindle speed reaches 200000r/min;

(2) Feed rate: When the resolution is 0.01μm, the maximum feed rate reaches 240m/min and can obtain precise machining of complex profiles;

(3) Calculation speed: The rapid development of microprocessors provides a guarantee for the development of CNC systems in the direction of high speed and high precision. CPUs have opted to 32-bit and 64-bit CNC systems, and the frequency has increased to hundreds of megahertz, thousands of megahertz. Due to the vastly improved computing speed, the feed speed can still be as high as 24-240m/min when the resolution is 0.1μm or 0.01μm;

(4) Tool change speed: At present, the tool change time of foreign advanced machining centers is generally around 1s, and the high one has reached 0.5s. The German Chiron company designed the tool magazine in a basket style, with the main shaft as the axis, the tools are arranged in a circle, and the tool change time from tool to tool is only 0.9s.

high precision

The precision requirements of CNC machine tools are now not limited to static geometric precision, and more and more attention has been paid to the movement precision, thermal deformation, and vibration monitoring and compensation of machine tools.

(1) Improve the control precision of the CNC system: adopt high-speed interpolation technology, realize continuous feed with small program segments, refine the CNC control unit, and use a high-resolution position detection device to improve position detection accuracy (Japan has developed a 106 pulses/rotation AC servo motor with built-in position detector, its position detection accuracy can reach 0.01μm/pulse), the position servo system adopts feedforward control and nonlinear control methods;

(2) Adopting error compensation technology: adopting technologies such as backlash compensation, screw pitch error compensation, and tool error compensation to comprehensively compensate for the thermal deformation error and space error of the equipment. The research results show that the application of comprehensive error compensation technology can reduce the machining error by 60% to 80%;

(3) Use the grid to check and improve the motion trajectory accuracy of the machining center, and predict the machining accuracy of the machine tool through simulation to ensure the positioning accuracy and repeat positioning accuracy of the machine tool, so that its performance is stable for a long time, and it can complete multiple tasks under different operating conditions. Various processing tasks and ensuring the processing quality of parts.

Compound function

The meaning of compound machine tool refers to the realization or as far as possible completion of the processing of various elements from blank to finished product on one machine tool. According to its structural characteristics, it can be divided into two types: process compound type and process compound type. Process compound machine tools such as boring-milling-drilling compound-machining center, turning-milling compound-turning center, milling-boring-drilling-turning compound-compound machining center, etc.; process compound machine tools such as multi-faceted multi-axis linkage processing compound machine tools and double spindles Turning centers, etc. The use of compound machine tools for processing reduces the auxiliary time for loading and unloading workpieces, changing and adjusting tools, and errors in the intermediate process, improves the machining accuracy of parts, shortens the product manufacturing cycle, and improves production efficiency and the manufacturer's market response-ability. Compared with the traditional production method with a decentralized process, it has obvious advantages.

The compounding of the machining process has also led to the development of machine tools for modularization and multi-axis.