How to avoid or reduce cutting vibration in mold processing to improve surface quality?

In the field of mold processing, cutting vibration is an issue that cannot be ignored. Cutting vibration not only affects the processing accuracy, but also reduces the surface quality of the mold, and even causes damage to the tool and machine tool. Therefore, when using a turret milling machine for mold processing, how to avoid or reduce cutting vibration becomes the key.

Cutting vibration is usually caused by the interaction force between the tool and the workpiece. This force causes the machine tool and the workpiece to resonate, and then produce cutting vibration. In order to reduce cutting vibration, you can start from the following aspects:

1. Choose appropriate cutting parameters
Parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth are important factors affecting cutting vibration. When processing molds on a turret milling machine, appropriate cutting parameters should be selected according to the hardness and toughness of the material and the complexity of the mold. Excessive cutting speed or feed rate may increase cutting vibration, so it is necessary to minimize cutting parameters while ensuring processing efficiency.

2. Optimize tool selection
The characteristics of the tool such as geometry, material and coating have a great influence on cutting vibration. Selecting a tool suitable for the processing material and processing conditions can effectively reduce cutting vibration. For example, for mold materials with higher hardness, tools with larger rake angles and smaller back angles can be selected to reduce cutting forces; at the same time, the use of tool coatings with anti-vibration properties can also effectively reduce cutting vibrations.

3. Improving machine tool rigidity
The rigidity of machine tools is one of the important factors affecting cutting vibrations. Improving the rigidity of machine tools can reduce the deformation and vibration of machine tools during cutting. In the design and manufacturing process of turret milling machines, the rigidity of machine tools can be improved by increasing the thickness of the bed, optimizing the structural layout, and using high-strength materials.

4. Using vibration damping devices
During the processing of turret milling machines, vibration damping devices can be used to reduce cutting vibrations. For example, installing vibration damping pads or vibration dampers on the bed and spindle of the machine tool can effectively absorb the vibration energy generated during the cutting process, thereby reducing cutting vibrations.

In short, by selecting appropriate cutting parameters, optimizing tool selection, improving machine tool rigidity, and using vibration damping devices, turret milling machines can effectively avoid or reduce cutting vibrations in mold processing, thereby improving the surface quality of molds.